In 1842, Dickens and his wife, Kate

In 1842, Dickens and his wife, Kate, embarked on a five-month lecture tour of the United States. Upon their return, Dickens penned American Notes for General Circulation, a sarcastic travelogue criticizing American culture and materialism.

In 1843, Dickens wrote his novel The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit, a story about a man’s struggle to survive on the ruthless American frontier. The book was published the following year.

Over the next couple of years, Dickens published two Christmas stories. One was the classic A Christmas Carol, which features the timeless protagonist Ebenezer Scrooge, a curmudgeonly old miser, who, with the help of a ghost, finds the Christmas spirit.



READ MORE: Charles Dickens: 5 Facts on the Author & Some Gruesome Truths About His Victorian England
READ MORE: Charles Dickens: 5 Facts on the Author & Some Gruesome Truths About His Victorian England
Fame

During his first U.S. tour, in 1842, Dickens designated himself as what many have deemed the first modern celebrity. He spoke of his opposition to slavery and expressed his support for additional reform. His lectures, which began in Virginia and ended in Missouri, were so widely attended that ticket scalpers started gathering outside his events. Biographer J.B. Priestly wrote that during the tour, Dickens “had the greatest welcome that probably any visitor to America has ever had.”

“They flock around me as if I were an idol,” bragged Dickens, a known show-off. Although he enjoyed the attention at first, he eventually resented the invasion of privacy. He was also annoyed by what he viewed as Americans’ gregariousness and crude habits, as he later expressed in American Notes.

In light of his criticism of the American people during his first tour, Dickens launched a second U.S. tour, from 1867 to 1868, hoping to set things right with the public.

On his second tour, he made a charismatic speech promising to praise the United States in reprints of American Notes for General Circulation and The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit.

His 76 readings earned him no less than $95,000, which, in the Victoria era, amounted to approximately $1.5 million in current U.S. dollars.

Back at home, Dickens had become so famous that people recognized him all over London as he strolled around the city collecting the observations that would serve as inspiration for his future work.

Later years

In 1845, after Dickens had toured the United States once, he spent a year in Italy writing Pictures from Italy. Over the next two years he published, in installments, his next novel, Dealings with the Firm of Dombey and Son. The novel’s main theme is how business tactics affect a family’s personal finances. It takes a dark view of England and was pivotal to Dickens’ body of work in that it set the tone for his other novels.

From 1849 to 1850, Dickens worked on David Copperfield, the first work of its kind; no one had ever written a novel that simply followed a character through his everyday life. In writing it, Dickens tapped into his own personal experiences, from his difficult childhood to his work as a journalist. Although David Copperfield is not considered Dickens’ best work, it was his personal favorite. It also helped define the public’s expectations of a Dickensian novel.

During the 1850s, Dickens suffered two devastating losses: the deaths of his daughter and father. He also separated from his wife during that decade, with Dickens slandering Kate publicly. He had also met a young actress named Ellen "Nelly" Ternan, with whom he had an intimate relationship. Sources differ on whether the two started seeing each other before or after Dickens' marital separation; it is also believed that he went to great lengths to erase any documentation alluding to Ternan's presence in his life.

His novels also began to express a darkened worldview. In Bleak House, published in installments from 1852 to 1853, he deals with the hypocrisy of British society. It was considered his most complex novel to date. Hard Times (published in 1854) takes place in an industrial town at the peak of economic expansion. In it, Dickens focuses on the shortcomings of employers as well as those who seek change. Also among Dickens’ darker novels is Little Dorrit, a fictional study of how human values come in conflict with the world’s brutality.

Coming out of his “dark novel” period, in 1859 Dickens published A Tale of Two Cities, a historical novel that takes place during the French Revolution. He published it in a periodical he founded, All the Year Round. His next novel, Great Expectations (1860-1861), focuses on the protagonist’s lifelong journey of moral development. It is widely considered his greatest literary accomplishment. A few years later, Dickens produced Our Mutual Friend, a novel that analyzes the psychological impact of wealth on London society.



Death

In 1865, Dickens was in a train accident and never fully recovered. Despite his fragile condi

結果 (繁體中文) 1:

1842 年，狄更斯和他的妻子，凱特，展開五個月講學的美國。返港，狄更斯寫美國筆記一般現成的諷刺的遊記，批評美國文化和唯物主義。在 1843 年，狄更斯寫了他新的生活和馬丁 · 瞿述偉家冒險，一個關於一個男人掙扎求生無情的美國邊境上的故事。這本書出版下一年。在接下來的幾年，狄更斯出版了兩個聖誕故事。一個是經典聖誕頌歌，哪些功能的主角埃比尼澤斯克魯奇是永恆，小氣的老吝嗇鬼，的説明下鬼，發現耶誕節的精神。閱讀更多 ︰ 查理斯 · 狄更斯 ︰ 5 事實對作者的經驗，他令人毛骨悚然的維多利亞時代的英國一些真相閱讀更多 ︰ 查理斯 · 狄更斯 ︰ 5 事實對作者的經驗，他令人毛骨悚然的維多利亞時代的英國一些真相名望在他第一次的美國巡演，在 1842 年，狄更斯指定自己為很多人都認為第一個現代名人。他談到他反對奴隸制，並表示他對股權分置改革的支援。他的講座，開始在弗吉尼亞州，在密蘇里州結束，如此廣泛地在其他黃牛要開始聚集努力他的事件。傳記作家 J.B.斯特寫道，在遊覽，狄更斯期間"限制的最大的歡迎，可能到美國任何訪客曾經有限制"。"他們聚集在我周圍好像偶像"吹噓狄更斯，已知的炫耀。雖然他很享受在第一次課程，他最終不滿隱私的侵犯。他也被他視為美國人的合群和原油的習慣，惹惱，如同他後來表示在美國筆記。根據他的批評的美國人在他第一次巡演期間，狄更斯及第二次的美國之旅，從 1867 年到 1868 年，希望設置權與公眾的事情。他第二次巡演，他的演講魅力承諾來讚揚美國在美國須知一般現成和生活的重印和馬丁 · 瞿述偉家的冒險。他 76 讀數為他贏得了不少於 $ 95000，其中，在維多利亞時代，共計大約 $ 150 萬在當前美元。回到家裡，狄更斯限制變得如此著名，人們公認他整個倫敦他逛市收集的意見，以作為他未來的創作靈感。隨後幾年1845 年，狄更斯限制參觀了美國一次之後, 他一年在義大利度過從義大利寫圖片。未來兩年內他發表，以分期付款的方式，他的下一部小說，與公司的董貝父子交往。這本小說的主題是商業策略如何影響一個家庭的個人財務。它以英格蘭一個黑暗的看法，對狄更斯的機構的工作至關重要，因為它的他的其他小說的基調。從 1849 年到 1850 年，狄更斯在 David 科波菲爾，第一次工作的先河;沒有人寫過一本小說限制，只是後跟字元通過他的日常生活。在寫它，狄更斯敲到他自己個人的經驗，從他不幸的童年，他的工作作為一名記者。雖然 David 科波菲爾不被認為是狄更斯的最佳作品，這是他個人的最愛。它還有助於確定公眾的期望的狄更斯的小說。在 1850 年代，狄更斯損失兩個破壞性 ︰ 他的女兒和父親的死亡。他也分開他的妻子在那個十年，期間與狄更斯凱特公開誹謗。他限制還會見了年輕的女演員，名叫艾倫"莉"那，跟他限制的一種親密的關係。表 5 顯示人口的來源上兩個開始看到彼此之前或之後狄更斯的婚姻分離;據說他去不遺餘力地抹去暗指 Ternan 的出現在他生活中的任何檔。他的小說也開始表達一種黑暗的世界觀。在暗淡的房子裡，他分期連載的但從 1852 年到 1853 年，涉及英國社會的虛偽。它被認為到目前為止他最複雜的小說。（1854 年出版） 的艱難時期發生在工業城市在經濟擴張的高峰期。在它，狄更斯側重于雇主，以及那些尋求變化的缺點。此外在狄更斯的小說中是小杜麗，一個虛構的研究如何人類價值觀在五月來以世界的殘酷。Coming out of his “dark novel” period, in 1859 Dickens published A Tale of Two Cities, a historical novel that takes place during the French Revolution. He published it in a periodical he founded, All the Year Round. His next novel, Great Expectations (1860-1861), focuses on the protagonist’s lifelong journey of moral development. It is widely considered his greatest literary accomplishment. A few years later, Dickens produced Our Mutual Friend, a novel that analyzes the psychological impact of wealth on London society.DeathIn 1865, Dickens was in a train accident and never fully recovered. Despite his fragile condi

結果 (繁體中文) 2:

1842年，狄更斯和他的妻子凱特，走上了美國五個月巡迴演講。回國後，狄更斯寫下美國的注意事項環流，諷刺遊記批評美國文化和物質。在1843年，狄更斯寫他的小說馬丁朱述爾維特，關於男人的鬥爭上狠美國邊疆生存故事的生活和冒險。這本書出版了來年。在接下來的幾年中，狄更斯出版了兩聖誕節的故事。一個是經典的聖誕頌歌，它具有永恆的主角埃比尼澤守財奴，一個小氣的老守財奴，誰，與鬼的幫助下，找到了聖誕節的精神。了解更多：查爾斯·狄更斯：在作者5事實與一些可怕的真相關於他的維多利亞時代的英國了解更多：查爾斯·狄更斯：在作者和可怕的真相的一些關於他的維多利亞時代的英國5事實名人堂在他的首次美國巡演，在1842年，狄更斯本人指定為哪些許多人認為第一個現代的名人。他談到他反對奴隸制，並表示他對額外改革的支持。他的講座，開始在弗吉尼亞州和密蘇里州結束，被如此廣泛地參加了這次開始了他的活動外聚集票販子。JB普里斯特利傳記作者寫道，在遊覽期間，狄更斯“有可能是任何遊客到美國有史以來最偉大的歡迎。” “ 他們聚集在我身邊，好像我是一個偶像，”狄更斯，已知炫耀吹噓。雖然他很享受在關注第一，他最終憎恨侵犯隱私。他也被他看作是美國人的群居和原油的習慣，正如他後來在美國紀行表示惱火。在他的他的第一次巡迴演出期間，美國民眾的批評光，狄更斯發動了第二次美國巡演，1867年至1868年，希望能與公眾的撥亂反正。在他的第二個任期，他做了一個有魅力的演說承諾讚美美國的環流和馬丁朱述爾維特的生活和冒險的美國債券重印。他76的讀數為他贏得了比毫不遜色$ 95,000名，其中，在維多利亞時代，總額約為150萬$當前美元。回到家裡，狄更斯已經成為很著名的人認出了他遍布倫敦，他漫步在城市收集，將作為靈感的意見他今後的工作。晚年1845年，狄更斯後曾參觀了美國，他一年在意大利度過了意大利書寫照片。多年來，他出版了，在文章中，他的下一部小說，與董貝父子公司的交易在未來兩年。小說的主題是商業策略如何影響一個家庭的個人財務狀況。這需要英格蘭黑暗觀點，是舉足輕重的狄更斯“工作的機構，因為它設置為他的其他小說的基調。從1849年至1850年，狄更斯曾”大衛·科波菲爾，其首創的工作; 從來沒有人寫過小說，簡單地跟隨在他日常生活中的一個字符。在寫它，狄更斯挖掘到了自己的親身經歷，從他艱難的童年到他作為一名記者的工作。雖然大衛·科波菲爾不認為狄更斯的最好的作品，這是他個人最喜歡的。，還幫助定義了公眾的一個狄更斯小說的預期在19世紀50年代，狄更斯遭遇了兩次損失慘重：他的女兒和父親的死亡。他也是十年期間與妻子分居，與凱特·狄更斯公開誹謗。他還遇到了一個名為艾倫“莉”Ternan一個年輕的女演員，與他有親密關係。消息人士兩者是否開始前或狄更斯的婚姻分離後看到對 ​​方不同; 它也被認為是他費了九牛二虎之力刪除任何文件暗指Ternan在他生命的存在。他的小說也開始變暗表達一種世界觀。在荒涼山莊，發表在分期付款1852年至1853年，他與英國社會的虛偽交易。它被認為是他最複雜的小說至今。艱難時世（發表於1854年），在經濟擴張的高峰期發生在一個工業城市。在這裡面，狄更斯專注於雇主，以及那些誰尋求改變的缺點。狄更斯的暗小說中也是小杜麗，怎麼人的價值都在與世界的殘酷衝突。一個虛構的研究已走出“黑暗的小說”期間，在1859年狄更斯發表的雙城記，這需要一個歷史小說法國大革命期間舉行。他它，他創辦期刊，終年公佈。他的下一部小說，遠大前程（1860-1861），專注於主角的道德發展的終身之旅。它被廣泛認為是他最大的文學修養。幾年後，產生了狄更斯我們共同的朋友，也分析了大量關於倫敦社會，心理影響一個新的死亡在1865年，狄更斯在一次火車事故，並沒有完全恢復。儘管他脆弱的康迪